The United States is currently seeing a significant surge in norovirus cases, with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reporting 91 infections in a single week this December—more than double the highest weekly count in the last three years. States like Minnesota are experiencing similar spikes, with December cases doubling their usual average.

What is Norovirus?

Norovirus, often called the “stomach flu,” is the leading cause of vomiting and diarrhea due to gastroenteritis, which is inflammation of the stomach and intestines. It is also responsible for 58% of foodborne illnesses in the US, according to the CDC.

Symptoms of Norovirus

Symptoms typically appear suddenly and include:

• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Stomach cramps
• Reduced urination or dark-colored urine
• Dry mouth
• Weakness or dizziness
• Low-grade fever or chills
• Headache
• Muscle aches

Infected individuals often experience frequent and intense vomiting episodes, leaving them feeling very ill.

How Norovirus spreads

Norovirus is highly contagious and spreads through the stool or vomit of infected individuals. Common ways of infection include:

• Eating food or drinking liquids contaminated by an infected person.
• Consuming raw shellfish from polluted waters.
• Touching contaminated surfaces or objects and then touching the mouth without proper handwashing.

Prevention tips

1. Wash hands thoroughly:
   • Use warm, soapy water for at least 20 seconds.
   • Wash hands after using the bathroom, changing diapers, preparing food, and before eating.
2. Clean surfaces:
   • Disinfect with household bleach solutions after incidents of vomiting or diarrhea.
3. Cook shellfish thoroughly:
   • Ensure shellfish, particularly oysters, are steamed before consumption.
4. Avoid handling food while ill:
   • Do not prepare food for others while symptomatic or for three days after recovery.

Norovirus infections are on the rise, highlighting the importance of hygiene practices and preventive measures. By following these guidelines, individuals can help curb the spread of this highly contagious virus.